Angola - Oil Grades

Angola has 9 types of crude graded internationally as per the following characteristics:

Light Crude
• Nemba: crude with low viscosity and low sulphur content (38.7º API and 0.19% sulphur), produced on Block 0 which is located in Malango, Cabinda.
• Palanca blend: crude with low density and low sulphur content (37.2º API and 0.18% sulphur), this blend is made of 5 oil fields.
• Xicomba: crude with low viscosity and medium sulphur content (34.8º API and 0.39% sulphur). It's produced on Block 15 and it is exported to the USA.

Intermediate crude
• Cabinda Blend: medium viscosity and low sulphur content (32.0^o API and 0.12% sulphur), the majority of its production is exported to China.
• Dalia: crude of medium viscosity, sweet (23.65º API and 0.49% sulphur) and semi-acidic (1.56mg KOH/g).
• Girassol: crude of medium viscosity and low sulphur content (API 30.8º and 0.34% sulphur). This blend is made of oil from fields girassol and jasmyn.
• Hungo: medium viscosity and semi-sweet crude (28.5º API and 0.71% sulphur). This crude is made of production from oil fields Hungo and Chocalho on Block 15.
• Kissanje Blend: crude of medium viscosity and medium sulphur content (28.2º API and 0.44% sulphur).

Heavy crude
• Kuito: crude of high viscosity and with medium content of sulphur (19º API and 0.68% sulphur), very acidic (2.1 mg KOH/g). This crude is produced on Block 14.

Cabinda Blend is the standard type for evaluation of crude produced in Angola, it is used for international reference.

Benchmarking Oil Grades
According to the destination of the crude to the various markets worldwide, the price of the oil barrell for a given market is fixed according to energy price quotes for the benchmarking grades.

• Brent Blend (crude from the North Sea) it is the reference in the European oil market for most of the light and sweet crude produced in África, part of the Middle East, North Sean, Mediterranean Sea, Caspian Sea and Russia.
• WTI (West Texas Intermediate) is the reference for the United States market for medium viscosity and relativey low sulphur content oil produced in the USA, South America, part of West Africa, North Sea and Far and Middle East.
• ANS (Alaskan North Slope) the reference for the US market for intermediate and sour crude produced in the USA, South America e part of the Middle East.
• DUBAI and DUBAI/OMAN is the price reference for sales in the Asia-Pacific market for the heavy crude produced in the Far East and for lighter and sweeter crude produced in the Middle East.
• TAPIS is the price reference for the Asia-Pacific market for oil with low sulphur content that is produced in the Far East.